Apparatus for burning fuel.



. J S ROGERS.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING FUEL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1912.

1,113,579. H Pfitented O0t.13,1914.

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W; Y I 93 131 0 flummw UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J S ROGERS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 EMILY 0. ROGERS.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING FUEL.

Application filed July 19, 1912. Serial No. 710,427.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J S Romans, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Fuel, of which the following is a specification. v

My invention .relates to apparatus for burning fuel and it consists in a form of apparatus which compelsthe currents of unconsumed fuel, particularly the various gases produced in a furnace, to cross each other so as to more thoroughly mix the variant elements and thereby more nearly attain a perfect combustion. 1

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the fire,box of a boiler equipped with an arch embodying my invention. of a portion of one form of an arch or wall embodying my invention. Fig.- 3 represents a section of the arch, on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking from the lower right-hand corner. Fig. 4 is an under face view of one, of said bricks viewed from thelfire bed side of the, arch, when set as at 4, or a. side elevation of one of such bricks, when set as at 16. Fig. 5 is a section of a form of brick I sometimes employ at the top or bottom of my wall. Fig. 6 represents sections of vsingle members which I may employ in constructing such a wall, the form represented at 1. having features to be particularly claimed. 1, 1, represent the boiler furnace having a fire box 2, 3. In this fire box, I erect an arch 4, preferably by placing a series of water tubes 5 across and over the fire bed space as a frame or support for the bricks of the arch, though I do not: exclude myself from forming the arch as one piece, without the support of the water tubes. Preferably the arch extends across the whole fire bed space, from above the fuel door to a point near the end of the grate and from one side to'the other, but I do not limit myself to that form nor exclude from the scope of my invention, arches which are less in width or length than the space named, nor those which have direct apertures at some points.

The main feature of the arch is that it is composed of a series of bricks or one perforated brick, through which, if one, or between which, if an unlimited series, the fluids rising from the burning fuel may pass, but

so laid, constructed or arranged that the diment is plainly indicated in Figs.

Fig. 2 is a top face view rection of the gas (if gas i'tbe) will be Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

changed, so that, for instance, if it enter at the point 6, it will not issue at a point verti cally over 6 or directly in front of it, but at 8 or 7 or some point in an oblique direction, fro-m its .place of entry 6. Such an arrange- 245. There'the bars or parts of the bricks shown, such as 11 and 15, are set oblique to the foundation upon which they rest or to the general line of draft, preferably at an angle of 15 degrees, though that exact angleis not imperative. If the first row, like 14, are inclined say, to the back or to the left, then the second row 15, will be inclined to the front or to the right, the next row to the back or left and thus alternately across the space they cover and the passages formed by the bricks of one course will be in communication with those formed by the bricks of the next course. In this particular form the fluids entering between bars 14, would 'be deflected backward, those entering between bars 15, upward or to the front, and their lines would cross in the passage through the arch. Not only so, but where the passages intersect, they would naturally expand somewhat into the adjacent cross passages, so that there would be an intermingling and mixing during their passage through the arch. But Whether the passages connect or not, the ases from them will project in crossing an interlacing cur rents that will result in a thorough commingling or mixture, which is'what I desire to accomplish. With such arrangement, it will result that if excess oxygen is entering at one point of the fire bed and too little at some other point, they will not be permittedto proceed in direct lines to the uptake, but will be deflected, the excess oxygen current will be directed into what I may term the excess carbon current, the combination will be the combustible mixture desired and a nearer perfect combustion will result.

Instead of locating the arch as indicated at 5, I might set it upright at 16, in which case the lines are usually to the right and the left, as through the brick of Fig. 2, laid with the now visible-face in a horizontal plane, and others of similar character placed upon it to make the desired wall, or I may use both that at 5 and that at 16. These I arches are of refractory material, preferably of fire'clay and if set'upon a foundation as shown, they may be very readily replaced with new ones as soon as they are so worn as to lose their efliciency. They will, of course, get rery hot, much hotter than the ordinary arch, because the flame passes through, in stead of merely about, them and the space not reached by flame is comparatively thin.

Beingthus heated they aid materially in maintaining the desired combustion.

I prefer to construct the individual bars,

' whether in one or a series of bricks, as thin as is consistent with sufficient strength and durability, that there may be as many passages as possible and that they may not interfere too much with the draft of the furiiace, but 'even those which are quite thick accomplish in some degree the desired re-- 'sults. They are generally arranged in t ers or series alternately parallel and the axis of each crossing the axis of the next; as thus I most readily attain the object I seek. The

. main or, as I may term it, the unitary ourrent from the face of the fire bed is thus divided into a multitude of cross currents and very effectually mixed together, giving a H11lCl1 nearer perfect combustion and'much sired.

The use of the water tubes, as a foundation or support, enables me'to construct the arch in a plurality of pieces and to place or replace it, more conveniently than if no such foundation were used, as well as to use thinner bars. a r

If desired a series of tubes like those of Fig. 6 may be used. In such case, I incline them one way and the succeeding series a different way, and the same system of arrangement would be employed in setting either of the modified forms of said Fig. 6, any one of'which would answer, as already indicated, provided they are so set as to crossthe currents asdescribed.

lVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is I 1. In a furnace, a wall situated in the combustion zone and extending across the path of the products of combustion, said wall comprising a plurality of series of bricks, the bricks of each series being arranged to form passage ways for the products of combustion in one-substantially straight line from oneface of said wall to the other, said passage ways extending obliquely to the line of draft, the passage ways formed by each series crossing those formed by the next adjacent'series, and being in communication therewith.

2. In a furnace, a wall situated in the combustion zone and extending across the path of the products of combustion, said wall being provided with a plurality of series of direct substantially straight passage ways extending obliquely to the line of draft, the passageways of one series crossing those of the next series and being in communication therewith.

3. In a furnace, a wall situated in the combustion zone and extending across the path of the products of combustion, at a place where it may be heated to the temperature of gas ignition, said wall com. rising a plurality of series of-bri'cks, the ricks of each series being arranged to form substantially straight passage ways for the products of combustion, said passage ways extending obliquely toithe line of draft, the passage ways formed by each series crossing those formed by the next adjacent series, and-being in communication therewith.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 17th day of July A. D'. 1912.

J S ROGERS. 

